Search results for "SocArXiv|Arts and Humanities|Art and Design"

Media’s portrayal of CAM: Exploring 40 years of narratives and meanings in public discourse

2021

The media are a key element in being able to assess how the climate of public opinion regarding Complementary and Alternative Medicines (CAM) has evolved over the years. The aim of this study is to explore the variation of the media representations along 40 years (1979–2018) in Spanish newspapers to assess if the press has contributed to legitimise, delegitimise or maintain the status quo of these therapies. From quantitative and qualitative approaches, we evaluate the media attention, the narratives, linguistic terms and tone used, and the relations between them. Results indicate the media reporting on CAM has remained relatively stable during the first 37 years (1979–2015) of the study, …

RISC Monitor audience rating and its implications for journalistic practice

2008

Conceptualizations of good news are increasingly driven by detailed audience research. This article examines the application of Research Institute on Social Change (RISC) Monitor in the context of Finnish press journalistic practice and considers the views on journalism and the audience RISC Monitor reinforces. This international and widely used market research tool monitors social change by analysing people's life-styles, attitudes and values. Here the focus is on the implications the use of RISC Monitor has for the idea(l)s of journalism as the transmission of information and as a resource for public participation and active citizenship. The study is based on qualitative interviews with …

Powered by public relations? Mutual perceptions of PR practitioners’ bases of power over journalism

2017

Public relations practitioners depend on journalists to report information, and journalists count on public relations practitioners to provide information. This mutual dependence gives the two parties a degree of power over each other that can be wielded if certain resources are available. However, there are many unanswered questions about how public relations exerts power over journalists and how these influence attempts may affect news coverage. We differentiate six bases of power that public relations practitioners may use to influence journalists. To test the use of these bases of power, we conducted a quantitative survey among German journalists and public relations practitioners. Our…

A reflective characterisation of occasional user

2017

This work revisits established user classifications and aims to characterise a historically unspecified user category, the Occasional User (OU). Three user categories, novice, intermediate and expert, have dominated the work of user interface (UI) designers, researchers and educators for decades. These categories were created to conceptualise user's needs, strategies and goals around the 80s. Since then, UI paradigm shifts, such as direct manipulation and touch, along with other advances in technology, gave new access to people with little computer knowledge. This fact produced a diversification of the existing user categories not observed in the literature review of traditional classificat…

Processing privacy information and decision-making for smartphone apps among young German smartphone users

2018

While privacy behaviour is generally equated with self-disclosure, other forms of behaviour that potentially infringe an individual’s privacy, such as downloading an app, are being neglected by research. We seek to fill this gap by modelling app decision-making within a dual-process model of the attitude–behaviour relationship and the role of privacy attitudes in two kinds of information processing: (1) spontaneous, heuristic processes that rely on automated attitude activation and (2) elaborate, cognitive processes that rely on behavioural intentions to guide behaviour. We used a quasi-experimental design to investigate app decision-making processes for N = 89 participants in N = 254 decis…

Increasingly emotional design for growingly pragmatic users? A report from Finland

2012

Researchers and practitioners in the field of information and communication technologies (ICT) have for a while been embracing the concepts of user and consumer experience as well as emotions in design, encouraging the industry to emphasise hedonic and symbolic qualities of products and services, over and beyond their utilitarian characteristics. However, the idea that mobile phone users, for instance, seek increasingly experience-rich, personalised products can not be taken for granted. Therefore, it is valuable to investigate the degree to which users really share designers' increasingly socio-emotional stances. The presented longitudinal study investigated users' mobile phone-related pro…

Realisation of strategic leadership in leadership teams' work as experienced by the leadership team members of basic education schools

2013

This article introduces a quantitative research into how the leadership team members of 49 basic education schools in the city of Vantaa, Finland, experienced the realisation of strategic leadership in their leadership teams' work. The data were collected by a survey of 24 statements, rated on a five-point Likert scale, and analysed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The only variant explaining the differences in experiencing the realisation of strategic leadership in the leadership teams' work statistically, almost significantly, was the leadership team membership.

The Nazi Connection. Eugenics, American Racism, and German National Socialism. Stefan Kuhl, New York and Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2002. 184 pp. …

2003

Public Opinion, National Integration and National Identity in Spain: The Case of the Barcelona Olympic Games

1997

. This article analyses the impact of the Barcelona 1992 Olympic Games on national integration and national identity in Spain with respect to the conflict of interests that developed around the Games between the centre and Catalonia. We argue that polarisation along nationalist lines was limited in large part because national identity in Spain today is not predominantly a unitary and exclusive entity. Dual identity, loyalty to both Spain, on the one hand, and to one's region, or nation as in the case of Catalonia, on the other, and inclusive nationalism that does not aim at complete national independence, increasingly have tended to predominate in the last decade and a half. The Olympics, t…

A Kinetic Model of Short- and Long-Term Potentiation

1993

We present a kinetic model that can account for several experimental findings on short- and long-term potentiation (STP and LTP) and their pharmacological modulation. The model, which is consistent with Hebb's postulate, uses the hypothesis that part of the origin of LTP may be a consequence of an increased release of neurotransmitter due to a retrograde signal. The operation of the model is expressed by a set of irreversible reactions, each of which should be thought of as equivalent to a set of more complex reactions. We show that a retrograde signal alone is not sufficient to maintain LTP unless long-term change of the rate constant of some of the reactions is caused by high-frequency s…